Copper Poisoning in Soay Sheep

Sheep tolerate less copper mineral than goats, and Soay sheep are less tolerant of copper than many other breeds of sheep.

While Soay sheep are a healthy and hardy breed, they are very susceptible to copper poisoning.  Copper is found in most salt blocks (also known as salt licks), in some worming preparations, and various sources not intended for sheep such as chicken feed.  Mineral mixtures made especially for sheep will contain minute amounts of copper in the appropriate amount for sheep, and Soay sheep are known to do well with these mixtures.  All-purpose mineral mixtures or salt blocks made for a variety of livestock will contain larger amounts of copper and are dangerous for Soay sheep; long term exposure may cause death.

Care in purchasing the correct type of mineral mixture made especially for sheep, also known as sheep salt, is key to preventing copper toxicity.  Avoiding anthelmintics (chemical wormers) that contain copper may also be helpful.  Autopsy has shown that the combination of exposure to an all-purpose salt block, injection of incorrect wormer and subsequent stress of transport has been known to cause the death of at least one Soay sheep.

Some breeders prefer to cut the sheep salt/mineral mixture with equal amounts of ground kelp.

Sheep that are known to have been exposed to excessive copper may be nursed back to health if found early enough, and treated with the appropriate course of action.  Dr June Morris' article on Copper Poisoning is useful in identifying and treating copper poisoning, and a well-informed veterinarian may be able to advise a shepherd in need of help in this area.

This page is provided as an informational source, and is not intended as replacement for veterinary advice.  Please consult your local veterinarian if you have questions.

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